Fiber Related Terms
A manufactured fiber from cellulose acetate
Source: Textile Glossary by Marvin Klapper
Category: Fiber
Generic term for a manufactured fiber in which the fiber-forming substance is any long-chain synthetic polymer composed of at least 85 percent by weight of acrylonitrile units
Source: Source: Introductory Textile Science (5th edition) by Marjory L. Joseph
Category: Fiber
Agion® antimicrobial technology is based on naturally occurring elements (silver and copper ions). It is not a topical treatment; rather, it is extruded into a polyester fiber. The embedded Agion® technology allows for controlled antimicrobial release effective against damaging bacteria, mold, mildew, and fungi.
Source: Agion®
Category: Fiber
Long, fine hair fibers from the alpaca, an animal native to South America
Source: Introductory Textile Science (5th edition) by Marjory L. Joseph
Category: Fiber
Founded in 1921, the AATCC is the world’s leading not-for-profit professional association for the textile design, materials, processing and testing industries. AATCC has thousands of individual and corporate members in more than 60 countries. The Association is internationally recognized for its standard methods of testing dyed and chemically treated fibers and fabrics to measure and evaluate such performance characteristics as colorfastness to light and washing, smoothness appearance, soil release, shrinkage, water resistance, and the many other conditions to which textiles may be subjected.
Source: www.aatcc.org
Category: Fiber, Weave
Fine, lightweight hair fiber from the Angora rabbit. Hair fibers from the angora goat are typically referred to as mohair.
Source: Introductory Textile Science (5th edition) by Marjory L. Joseph
Category: Fiber
Fibers of animal origin such as wool, alpaca, camel hair and silk.
Source: Introductory Textile Science (5th edition) by Marjory L. Joseph
Category: Fiber
The Association for Contract Textiles is a nonprofit organization that was founded in 1985. ACT is a professional trade group consisting primarily of companies that design, develop, produce and promote textiles for commercial interiors united for support, strength, credibility and common interests.
Source: ACT
Category: Fiber, Green, Weave
Fur from young lambs from Astrakhan, characterized by lustrous, closely curled wool. Often imitated by thick woven or knitted fabric with loops or curls on the surface.
Source: Textile Glossary by Marvin Klapper
Category: Fiber
A fiber that is produced from original bamboo fibers and maintains all the original qualities inherent in bamboo. It is very similar to linen both in molecular structure and fiber characteristics.
Source: Brentano, Inc.
Category: Fiber, Green
A fiber which has been reconstituted from the original bamboo fiber and therefore small amounts of original bamboo fiber remain. Viscose is the process of producing a rayon yarn and it was originally created to imitate silk.
Source: Brentano, Inc.
Category: Fiber, Green
Bast fiber or skin fiber is plant fiber collected from the phloem (the “inner bark” or the skin) or bast surrounding the stem of certain, mainly dicotyledonic, plants. They support the conductive cells of the phloem and provide strength to the stem. Most of the technically important bast fibers are obtained from herbs cultivated in agriculture, as for instance flax, hemp, or ramie, rattan, bamboo.
Source: Wikipedia
Category: Fiber
A manufactured fiber from cellulose acetate.
Category: Fiber
Source: Midwest Decorative Fabrics Association Textile Resources Directory, 1990
Category: Fiber
Wool-like, extremely soft, lustrous animal fiber. Natural colors range from light tan to brownish-black.
Source: Textile Glossary by Marvin Klapper
Category: Fiber
A type of wool made from fibers obtained from the Cashmere goat characterized by luxuriously soft fibers.
Source: Brentano, Inc.
Category: Fiber
An organic woody substance found in vegetation. It is base of rayon and acetate fibers and also the major constituent of paper.
Source: Textile Glossary by Marvin Klapper
Category: Fiber
A soft, pliant leather made from the fresh splits of a sheepskin, and oil-tanned.
Source: Midwest Decorative Fabrics Association Textile Resources Directory, 1990
Category: Fiber
A fuzzy yarn whose pile resembles a caterpillar.
Source: Textile Glossary by Marvin Klapper
Category: Fiber
A highly glazed finish produced on the surface of the fabric, from the French verb meaning to wax.
Source: Textile Glossary by Marvin Klapper
Category: Fiber
Cotton yarn that is cleaned with wire brushes to remove short fibers and impurities after carding.
Source: Textile Glossary by Marvin Klapper
Category: Fiber
A soft vegetable fiber obtained from the seed pod of a cotton plant.
Source: Textile Glossary by Marvin Klapper
Category: Fiber
Classified as rayon, but differs from viscose because of its chemical composition.
Source: Textile Glossary by Marvin Klapper
Category: Fiber
A cloth with a three-dimensional surface produced by double weaving or by looping an additional warp or filling thread into the basic weave, and then cutting the loops (i.e. velvet, velour, plush).
Source: Midwest Decorative Fabrics Association Textile Resources Directory, 1990
Category: Fiber, Weave
A unit of weight indicating the size of a filament. The higher the denier number, the heavier the yarn.
Source: Midwest Decorative Fabrics Association Textile Resources Directory, 1990
Category: Fiber
A silk thread made from two cocoons united by two worms spinning close together. The yarn is uneven, irregular and thicker than that from one cocoon. Used in slub fabrics.
Source: Textile Glossary by Marvin Klapper
Category: Fiber
A compact, durable plain-weave cotton fabric.
Source: Midwest Decorative Fabrics Association Textile Resources Directory, 1990
Category: Fiber
The susceptibility of a fiber to various dyestuffs.
Source: Midwest Decorative Fabrics Association Textile Resources Directory, 1990
Category: Fiber
Also called stock dyeing, fiber dyeing refers to the dyeing of fibers, or stock, before it is spun into yarn. It is done by putting loose, unspun fibers into large vats containing the dye bath, which is then heated to proper temperature.
Source: J.J. Pizzuto’s Fabric Science (9th Edition) by Allen C. Cohen & Ingrid Johnson
Category: Fiber, Yarn
A fiber of indefinite length, either natural (silk) or man-made. Silk filament is the actual thread of a silkworm’s cocoon, while man-made filament is produced by forcing a solution through a spinneret.
Source: Midwest Decorative Fabrics Association Textile Resources Directory, 1990
Category: Fiber
A fiber from the Linum plant used to manufacture linen.
Source: Textile Glossary by Marvin Klapper
Category: Fiber
Fiber sheared from animals (such as sheep) and twisted into yarn for weaving.
Source: Brentano, Inc.
Category: Fiber
An invisible vertical line parallel to the selvage of a fabric. The pattern visible on the outer surface of a hide after the hair has been removed.
Source: Midwest Decorative Fabrics Association Textile Resources Directory, 1990
Category: Fiber
The condition in which the ground cloth of a pile fabric becomes visible when it is folded or creased.
Source: Brentano, Inc.
Category: Fiber
A closely woven silk or rayon fabric with narrow horizontal ribs.
Source: Brentano, Inc.
Category: Fiber
A non-directional uncut pile fabric that is warp-looped and extremely resilient and hard wearing. Made of wool or man-made fibers, it generally has larger loops than a frisé.
Source: Brentano, Inc.
Category: Fiber
Natural animal fiber other than sheep’s wool or silk.
Source: Textile Glossary by Marvin Klapper
Category: Fiber
A coarse, durable fiber from the bast of a cannabis plant.
Source: Brentano, Inc.
Category: Fiber
The raw skin of an animal.
Source: Midwest Decorative Fabrics Association Textile Resources Directory, 1990
Category: Fiber
When a polyester fiber is heated at a high temperature it forces the molecule to open and encapsulate the dye stuff. This process enables the dye to have high color fastness and be resistant to many chemicals such as sodium hypochlorite (bleach).
Source: Brentano, Inc.
Category: Fiber, Finish
Bred for its fine fleece from a llama father and alpaca mother.
Source: Textile Glossary by Marvin Klapper
Category: Fiber
A coarse, brown fiber used for sacking and cordage.
Source: Textile Glossary by Marvin Klapper
Category: Fiber
A tough, insoluble protein substance that is the chief structural constituent of wool and hair.
Source: Brentano, Inc.
Category: Fiber
The first fleece taken from a sheep up to seven months old. Softer, superior quality than wools taken from older sheep that have been previously shorn.
Source: Textile Glossary by Marvin Klapper
Category: Fiber
An animal skin that has been transformed into useful material through tanning.
Source: Midwest Decorative Fabrics Association Textile Resources Directory, 1990
Category: Fiber
Resistance to fading to the effects of sun or light.
Source: Midwest Decorative Fabrics Association Textile Resources Directory, 1990
Category: Fiber
Yarn, thread or fabric made of flax fibers. Noted especially for its strength, cool hand and luster.
Source: Textile Glossary by Marvin Klapper
Category: Fiber
The soft, strong underfleece of the llama, a South American animal similar to but smaller than a camel.
Source: Textile Glossary by Marvin Klapper
Category: Fiber
Non-tarnishable aluminum yarns.
Source: Textile Glossary by Marvin Klapper
Category: Fiber
Any fiber that is manufactured whether natural or synthetic in origin.
Source: Midwest Decorative Fabrics Association Textile Resources Directory, 1990
Category: Fiber
Two yarns of different colors twisted around each other.
Source: Textile Glossary by Marvin Klapper
Category: Fiber
A treatment applied to cotton yarn and/or fabric to improve luster and increase the receptiveness of the fiber to dyes.
Source: Midwest Decorative Fabrics Association Textile Resources Directory, 1990
Category: Fiber, Finish
Wool from the merino sheep used to make fine, soft fabrics resembling cashmere.
Source: Textile Glossary by Marvin Klapper
Category: Fiber
Any fabric woven or knitted with an open texture, fine or coarse.
Source: Textile Glossary by Marvin Klapper
Category: Fiber
Long, fine hair fiber from the angora goat.
Source: Brentano, Inc.
Category: Fiber
A single-ply, untwisted yarn that may be either a man-made fiber extruded from a chemical solution or the single thread of the silkworm.
Source: Midwest Decorative Fabrics Association Textile Resources Directory, 1990
Category: Fiber
One of the best wild silks, grown in India; means light brown.
Source: Textile Glossary by Marvin Klapper
Category: Fiber
A short fiber combed from long fibers during the preparation of textile yarns.
Source: Brentano, Inc
Category: Fiber
Implementation of the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) began on January 1, 1994. This agreement removes most barriers to trade and investment among the United States, Canada and Mexico.
Source: USDA Foreign Agricultural Service
Category: Fiber, Weave
A generic name for manufactured fiber made of synthetic polyamides (a type of nitrogen-containing polymer). Strong and elastic, it can be formed into fibers, sheets or bristles, and is used to make fabrics, plastics and molded products.
Source: Brentano, Inc.
Category: Fiber
A polymer containing monomers of amides joined by peptide bonds. They can occur naturally (proteins, such as wool and silk), or can be made artificially (nylons, aramids, and sodium polyaspartates).
Source: Brentano, Inc.
Category: Fiber
A synthetic polymer fiber manufactured from coal, water and petroleum. Strong, durable and wrinkle resistant, it is often blended with other fibers. Major disadvantages include inability to breathe and tendency to pill.
Source: Midwest Decorative Fabrics Association Textile Resources Directory, 1990
Category: Fiber
A synthetic material from which fibers are formed.
Source: Textile Glossary by Marvin Klappe
Category: Fiber
A term adopted for pebbled, crimped, plisse or crackled nylon cloths.
Source: Textile Glossary by Marvin Klapper
Category: Fiber
Two or more layers of cloth with padding between that is stitched by hand, machine, or chemical methods, usually in a pattern.
Source: Textile Glossary by Marvin Klapper
Category: Fiber
A fine, lustrous silk fabric with embedded cross-ribs. Softer, less crisp and duller than taffeta.
Source: Textile Glossary by Marvin Klapper
Category: Fiber
A loosely woven fabric with a rough nubby texture. Also called eponge, frisé and sponge cloth.
Source: Brentano, Inc.
Category: Fiber
A man-made fiber produced by forcing a cellulose solution through fine spinnerets and solidifying the resulting filaments. Also referred to as cuprammonium and viscose.
Source: Brentano, Inc.
Category: Fiber
Retting is a process employing the action of micro-organisms and moisture on plants to dissolve or rot away much of the cellular tissues and pectins surrounding bast-fibre bundles, and so facilitating separation of the fiber from the stem. It is used in the production of fiber from plant materials such as flax and hemp stalks and coir from coconut husks.
Source: Wikipedia
Category: Fiber
Treatments to remove most of a fabric’s tendency to shrink. More common techniques include sponging, steaming, machine shrinking, cold-water shrinking and resin applications.
Source: Textile Glossary by Marvin Klapper
Category: Fiber
The process of dyeing a single yarn or filament with two or more colors at regular or irregular intervals. Filament yarns are usually printed while spun yarns are dipped in different dye baths to obtain various hues.
Source: Midwest Decorative Fabrics Association Textile Resources Directory, 1990
Category: Fiber
A synthetic fiber or fabric made from a polymer containing polyurethane, used in the manufacture of elastic clothing.
Source: Brentano, Inc.
Category: Fiber
Standard Industrial Classification codes indicate the company’s type of business. These codes are also used in the Division of Corporation Finance as a basis for assigning review responsibility for the company’s filings.
Source: US Securities and Exchange Commission
Category: Fiber, Weave
Also called fiber dyeing, stock dyeing refers to the dyeing of fibers, or stock, before it is spun into yarn. It is done by putting loose, unspun fibers into large vats containing the dye bath, which is then heated to proper temperature.
Source: J.J. Pizzuto’s Fabric Science (9th Edition) by Allen C. Cohen & Ingrid Johnson
Category: Fiber, Yarn
A general term for leather with a wearing surface finished to a fine velvet-like nap.
Source: Midwest Decorative Fabrics Association Textile Resources Directory, 1990
Category: Fiber
A pile fabric (usually cotton) with uncut loops on both sides; extremely water absorbent and used to make bath towels and bath robes.
Source: Textile Glossary by Marvin Klapper
Category: Fiber
Any fiber or yarn, natural or man-made, or any fabric made from these materials.
Source: Midwest Decorative Fabrics Association Textile Resources Directory, 1990
Category: Fiber
A generic term for a variety of bulked, loopy or crimped yarns that have greater volume and surface interest.
Source: Textile Glossary by Marvin Klapper
Category: Fiber
A type of polyurethane with notable strength and elasticity that is also less flammable compared to other polyurethane fabrics.
Source: Brentano, Inc.
Category: Fiber, Green
A French term for a sheer fabric such as linen or cotton.
Source: Textile Glossary by Marvin Klapper
Category: Fiber
A type a polyester yarn that is inherently flame retardant.
Source: Trevira CS Website
Category: Fiber
A fine, often starched net of silk, rayon or nylon, used especially for veils, tutus or gowns.
Source: Textile Glossary by Marvin Klapper
Category: Fiber
General term for uncultivated or wild silk, specifically referencing the silk filaments from the tussah worms of India or China. Filaments are coarser, crisper, stronger, more irregular and brownish in color compared to cultivated silk.
Source: Textile Glossary by Marvin Klapper
Category: Fiber
A weave with diagonal ribs. Diagonals may be set at sharp blunt angles, embedded or raised. Important types of twills are flannels, serges, gabardines and surahs.
Source: Textile Glossary by Marvin Klapper
Category: Fiber
Source: Textile Glossary by Marvin Klapper
Category: Fiber
Produced by caterpillars other than the mulberry silkworm and cannot be artificially cultivated. A variety of wild silks have been known and used in China, South Asia, and Europe since early times, but the scale of production was always far smaller than that of cultivated silks. They also differ in color and texture. The cocoons are gathered in the wild. They usually have been damaged by the emerging moth before the cocoons are gathered, so the silk thread that makes up the cocoon has been torn into shorter lengths.
Source: Textile Glossary by Marvin Klapper
Category: Fiber
Fiber or fleece from the coats of sheep, known especially for its warmth, elasticity, luster and affinity for color. Wool fibers vary in crimp, length and thickness, and wool yarns usually combine fibers from several breeds of sheep.
Source: Midwest Decorative Fabrics Association Textile Resources Directory, 1990
Category: Fiber
The name of a yarn and cloth usually made from wool. Woolen yarn is known for being light, stretchy and full of air. A good insulator and knitting yarn. Woolen yarn is in contrast to worsted yarn, which doesn’t contain air and doesn’t stretch as much.
Source: Textile Glossary by Marvin Klapper
Category: Fiber